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When speaking to video companies,
they may describe their company by explaining the kind of equipment,
techniques and styles they use. The following is a crash course in
videography to help you understand what they are talking about and
help you decipher what you want in your video.
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3-chip
Cameras- Professional
cameras that record images better. 3-chip needs less light and
separates color which produces a cleaner image. This is opposed
to 1-chip cameras which need a lot of light and do not separate
color.
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Digital
- Format for recording images
with 1's and 0's. The alternative is analog which records images
based on voltage levels from a signal. Analog tapes are the tapes
we pop into our VCRs.
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Nonlinear
Editing- Is a process
of digitizing and then editing video in a computer.
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Generation-
Each duplication of a video is a generation.
The original copy being the first generation. You can relate this
concept to generations of a family. When a baby is born, its part
of the next generation. So every time a video is duplicated, that
new copy is a new generation. With every new generation, there
is going to be some loss of quality to that video. Video enhancement
equipment should be used to lessen the loss of quality on the
video.
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SVHS-
(Super VHS) This format of videotape contains more lines of resolution.
Which results in a sharper quality of video.
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PAL/SECAM-These
systems are used in most foreign countries. The system in the
U.S. is called NTSC.
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Letterbox
- It's also called widescreen. This is when
you see black bands on the top and bottom of the screen because
the film is being viewed in its actual size. For video, letterbox
is a just a stylized effect to use.
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Strobe
- Strobe is an effect that sporadically takes out frames to create
a jerky movement in the video. It gives the same look as strobe
lights do.
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Lavaliere
- Is a small mic, about 1" tall, that
can be clipped on something. There is a wire that attaches to
a battery pack, but it is wireless because it does not get attached
to the camera. This is a device used to get a second channel of
sound.
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A/B
Roll - Is editing
with two sources, A & B. When an editor uses a transition
or a special effect, A/B Roll allows the video to go from one
source to another without having to freeze an image first. About
five years ago, this form of editing was practically impossible
for wedding videos. A/B Roll allows edited wedding videos to flow
like broadcast television or film.
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HiFi
- A high quality of audio which record on
the video heads. This is not to be confused with stereo, which
means audio that provides left and right channels. There is also
linear or normal audio, which record on the audio heads.
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PIP
- Stands for picture in picture. It's a special effect where one
video image, usually in a box, shares the screen with another
image which is on at full screen. Both images can be running live,
simultaneously.
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Montage
- Is
a sequence of edited shots or pictures usually segmented together
to a song. Flashbacks or recaps are examples of montages.
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In
camera edit - Is when
the videographer shoots and edits at the same time. The tape will
have fades to black and be clean in its shooting. The tape never
goes to the editor because that step is omitted. The danger in
this is that the videographer has to be careful of the amount
of space he has left on the tape so coverage, style and creativity
may be compromised.
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Compositing-
are two full screen images or live sources of video superimposed
over each other to create a certain mood or effect.
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